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Axel Honneth (1996, 1999), whose theory of recognition is based on Winnicott at least as much as on Hegel. My argument is that Winnicott’s theory lacks the resources to explain the degree of organized hate and aggression we have seen in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. Melanie Klein provides a more useful way to think about hate and aggression. Honneth integrates Winnicott to his account of mutual recognition. Klein resists integration. In many respects, this resistance is good. (51)For Freud, the otherness of reality is infuriating. Otherness comes first.

“According to Melanie Klein (1975a), aggression is an expression of envy, hate, and sadism, all of which are manifestations of the death instinct. Since the death drive is innate, so too are envy, hate, and sadism, even in the newborn infant”“For Winnicott, on the other hand, the mother hates the baby before the baby hates the mother (1958). There is no need for reparation, as Klein calls it, for there is no place for sadism, primary envy, and the evil that takes pleasure in destruction for its own sake.

51 - “My argument is that Winnicott’s theory lacks the resources to explain the degree of organized hate and aggression we have seen in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. Melanie Klein provides a more useful way to think about hate and aggression. Honneth integrates Winnicott to his account of mutual recognition. Klein resists integration. In many respects, this resistance is good.”

"My argument is that Winnicott's theory lacks the resources to explain the degree of organized hate and aggression we have seen in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. Melanie Klein provides a more useful way to think about hate and aggression. Honneth integrates Winnicott to his account of mutual recognition. Klein resists integration. In many respects, this resistance is good" (51)"For Winnicott, on the other hand, the mother hates the baby before the baby hates the mother (1958).